Review Article Turkish Diplomacy toward the Russo-Ukrainian War (2022–2023)

College of Education-IbnRushed for Human Sciences, University of Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract

The importance of this article stems from its focus on the most prominent challenges that have deeply affected the international scene. This war has reshaped the map of alliances and interests in Europe and the world, which has forced regional countries to re-evaluate their foreign policies. In this context, the Turkish position has emerged as a unique model of diplomacy that seeks to maintain balance. Accordingly, this article aims to review and analyze the Turkish position on that war To understand the motivations behind its balanced policy and the limits of its maneuvering, this review aims to analyze the various research trends that have addressed Turkish diplomatic policy towards the Russo-Ukrainian War between 2022–2023, by reviewing the most prominent academic literature on this topic, in an attempt to assess the objectivity of these analyses and identify the intellectual starting points on which they are based, in order to reach a deeper understanding of the dimensions of Turkish foreign policy in light of this pivotal conflict. From here emerged the problem: How did the literature explain the Turkish diplomatic position towards the Russian-Ukrainian war? How balanced and objective are these interpretations in light of the overlap of geopolitical, economic and cultural factors?

This article reached a main conclusion through which we found a noticeable difference in the levels of objectivity, criticism and depth of vision. Some studies were highly critical in analysis and methodological rigor, as they focused on what they considered Ankara's duality between its Atlantic alliances and its close relations with Moscow. Others were divided between objective academic voices that highlighted the structural challenges in Turkey's foreign relations Another is closer to the official narrative that justified the Turkish position on the basis of sovereignty and national interests.